CONSTRUCTION
MATERIALS
Materials used for construction of structures are called
construction materials
CLASSIFICATION OF
MATERIALS
1. Solid Building materials : Stones,
Bricks, etc
2. Binding materials : Lime, Cement,
Mortar etc
3. Protective materials : Paints,
Varnishes, Plaster, etc
EXAMPLES
The Taj mahal
Red fort
Jumma mosque
Parliament House
Rastrapathi Bhavan
Charminar and Makka mosque etc., are example of stones as
construction materials
How does study of construction materials help a civil engineer?
Sources of Construction materials
Selection of suitable material for various Engineering works
The physical and mechanical properties
The inherent defects in the materials and to over come these
defects
Achieving economy in design and construction which is the main aim
of a civil engineer
SOURCES OF INFORMATION
The Indian standard codes published by the Bureau of
Indian Standards (BIS) are useful for obtaining the information about the
material
Specifications
PROPERTIES
Sampling and Testing
WHAT IS A ROCK?
Solid mass of different types of minerals which forms
the earth’s crust is known as Rock
WHAT IS A STONE?
Naturally available construction material quarried and
extracted from the rock is stone
The properties of stones depend on parent rock.
CLASSIFICATION OF
ROCKS
Geological formation
Physical characteristics
Chemical composition
BASED ON PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES
1. Stratified rocks
2. Unstratified rocks
3. Foliated rocks
1.STRATIFIED ROCKS
These rocks are layered structures
Posses planes of stratification, stones can be easily split
up, along these planes
Ex:- Sand stone, Lime stone etc
2. UNSTRATIFIED ROCKS
These rocks do not have layered structure
Their structure may be either crystalline or granular.
They cannot be easily split into slabs
Ex:- Granite, Trap, Marble etc
3.FOLIATED ROCKS
The rocks which can be split into slabs in a particular
direction
Ex:- slate, schist etc.
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